THE MISTERY DEATH OF MY COUSIN RODRIGO FRANCO MONTES

the National Marketing Inputs (ENCI).

He died murdered in his home in Nana, the August 29 of 1987 . Not yet determined who was the murderer, but the truth commission think it could be or the government of Alan García (through Agustín Mantilla), or the Shining Path terrorist group. Although Sendero Luminoso has acknowledged responsibility for the act. Abimael Guzman Reynoso, top leader of the terrorist group, recognized directly in the 1st Session of the First Congress of the Shining Path, the "annihilation of Franco" document that was part of their support to convict terrorist offense with imprisonment (Exp. accumulated N 560-03. Abiamel Case Guzman and others). NEWS OF PERU / PERU NEWS A Vision Real Story of a Country The Last Days of Rodrigo Franco By Cesar Rodriguez Campos Editor's Note: Here we can read the full text of the series of four articles published in the newspaper "Express" de Lima and the weekly "La Tribune" about the last days of the Rodrigo Franco APRA leader, assassinated in 1987. The saga has been built on personal memories of Campos, who was a friend and collaborator of Franco in the years before his death, that is until today subject of controversy and accusations. In this saga involves in fact the Director of "The Trade" of Lima, which published the text so that readers are those who draw their own conclusions). Photo Courtesy Masks THE LAST DAYS OF RODRIGO FRANCO (PART I) Painful but necessary clarification to speculation Cecilia Martinez del Solar and current director of "El Comercio", directly responsible for a press campaign against APRA government official disappeared. By: Cesar Campos R. "With the truth, not afraid or offended," said Jose Artigas. This phrase heard repeatedly in the mouth of Victor Raul Haya de la Torre those young Catholic University, averaging the 70s of last century, used to establish ourselves in the seat of APRA Lima to be close to its leader and enjoy their extensive knowledge. Among those young people was Rodrigo Franco Montes de Peralta, grandson of a founder of APRA and loyal son of another militant, Dr. Alberto Franco Valera. Unwavering principled man, intelligent and friendly, we forged a fast friendship immediately recognizing ourselves in common: concern substantive issues of Peruvian reality, rejection of any kind of intolerance or bigotry, bulletproof sense. Today the name of Rodrigo returns to the spotlight in ways that he never wished to be reminded, now that is evident in his memory traffic subordinates purposes, creating doubts about the circumstances of his death, the authors of the murder and - worse - for those who exhausted all instances to confirm definitively the responsibility of Sendero Luminoso in this, it is necessary to speak our truth, without fear or offense. And since Cecilia Martinez del Solar, Franco's widow, has used the newspaper El Comercio to spread his crazy obsession - demonstrate that the APRA government or sector of the same murderous armed hand - and this newspaper holds a campaign similarly, recall here its sad role during the final days of Rodrigo. Paper that, in my brotherly friend, was directly inspired by Mr. Alejandro Miró Quesada Cisneros, who then acted sub named Director of Dean. The reader will appreciate how journalism sometimes ceases to be the most noble of professions and becomes the most vile trades. COUNSEL Rodrigo Franco became president of ENCI midway through the second half of 1986, replacing Rafael Saco. Had been serving as Secretary General of the Ministry of Agriculture, then under the direction of Remigio Morales Bermúdez, and his appointment to the state-owned distributor of supplies for him constituted a challenge of the highest magnitude. To celebrate, I invited him to dine with my wife located in Pueblo Libre. Cecilia Rodrigo attended and spoke at length about the agenda of his new responsibility. On that occasion I was invited to join the board, rejected offer to make sure weeks after that was to represent the Ministry of Economy, whose owner did not keep a good relationship. However, I agreed willingly to fulfill the role of honorary advisor of his presidency, because at that time I was in charge of the daily management sub TODAY and exercise that seemed incompatible with public office paid. As he has all the high officials and secretaries ENCI the presidential office, there was no critical event management or stable in which Rodrigo stop summoning me to ask my opinions or recommendations. MEAT spoiled One such critical circumstances, the campaign was unleashed by trade due to the import of a batch of just over 500 tonnes of meat in Argentina, for which consideration was given bromatológico degree of decomposition. Against this, the directory ENCI had proceeded immediately to freeze the lot in two refrigerators, report the accident to the insurance company, the enforcement of security and establish the liability of shipowners who will carry. All this was said in twenty languages, just realized the theme Commerce in early August 1987. Rodrigo wrote with the relevant explanatory statements, we showed that he had never sold a gram of meat spoiled, as recklessly as hinted the same newspaper. Its editors invite to interview Rodrigo and define what happened. However, every day the issue was played as if it were the greatest criminal act detected level of the public sphere. By then, I frequented Alfonso Baella Tuesta - head of the political section of the Trade - home of businessman Adam Pollak. Alfonso, with genuine journalistic stance, listened to my complaints about the lack of objectivity that I attributed to handling the issue of spoiled meat in the Local section. He pledged to bring their offices to send a writer to interview Rodrigo. But days later - after the interview conducted and published - the campaign continued. Again I met Alfonso, did you see my confusion about the tone of this campaign, and he said: "Look Caesar much sympathy I have him to Rodrigo Franco. I find a great guy and very intelligent. But what appears in the newspaper not the responsibility of journalists. There is a level where you are watching the case. I have no more to say. " It was a skein of yarn that, unexpectedly, did not reach Don Aurelio Miro Quesada Sosa and Alejandro Miró Quesada Garland (co directors Trade) until the second family environment. So at least, had also reached the ears of Rodrigo Franco Montes de Peralta. (CONTINUED) TOMORROW: two disputed shipping for transporting fertilizers. Why was interested in this topic to Alejandro Miró Quesada Cisneros? The author of this testimony is a journalist. Rodrigo Franco met in the cloisters of the Catholic University, where they both studied law. In the APRA government, he served as Director of Communications of the Ministry of Justice, Ministry of Agriculture advisor, presidential adviser and sub ENCI Press Secretary of the Presidency of the Republic. He PAP militancy in 1990 to engage in political journalism. He worked at the magazine and other publications HEAR. Testimony of loyalty THE LAST DAYS OF Rodrigo Franco (Part II) The main troubles ENCI President, until the eve of his death, were caused by the systematic campaign against its management Trade. He sought to explain the reason for such cruelty and got an answer. By: Cesar Campos R. End of April 1985. In the very close office TODAY newspaper's editorial page - which he shared with his boss, Ricardo Ramos Tremolada - I get a phone call from Rodrigo Franco. He wanted to tell me personally and we met at a cafe called La Campana, which then stood at the oval Gutierrez of San Isidro. Alan Garcia had just triumphed in elections on Sunday 14 and opened new perspectives for what would be the first government of APRA. Since the death of Victor Raul Haya de la Torre - who professed a special affection - Rodrigo had departed from the PAP internal vicissitudes. One, for his early marriage and the arrival of his sons, and two, the crisis faced by the entire party high command in a fratricidal dispute. His temperament inclined to harmony and tolerance, not stand that contention. However, had regained the vigor in Garcia's campaign and even lent his country house for days proselytizing. Still, his reinstatement with APRA existing structure and the new spokespersons of the next government administration, was not consolidated. Was anxious to channel their concerns and proposals are totally into the matter of agriculture since her family founded regained Nana, which - to a greater extent - had belonged to his maternal grandfather, Armando Montes de Peralta, Prime Minister of Public Health the country had. In this regard, during our coffee in La Campana, asked me to access an interview with Luis Gonzales Posada, factotum of Hoy and confidant of the flamboyant president. For various reasons, this meeting did not take place. But that did not prevent us to continue maintaining constant communication. In December of that year, I received a call from Rodrigo cheerful. There had been the first change in the Cabinet and Remigio Morales Bermúdez accessed the office address of Agriculture, replacing Mario Barturén. The then deputy APRA Carlos Roca, a great friend of Franco and his family had been in contact with the new minister, he had heard, checking the vastness of his knowledge in the field matters. Without further ado, Morales Bermúdez appointed Secretary General of the portfolio. Rodrigo entered the maelstrom of public convinced capture device - honestly and intelligently - the promotion of agriculture, which had been devoting all his efforts. RAIN OF HEADLINES My last conversation with Alfonso Baella Tuesta - head of the political section of the Trade - in which he explained that the daily campaign against Rodrigo Franco management ENCI, transcended the will of his flat journalism, told the concerned with details. At that time, in August 1987, I worked full time for the Agriculture he had stopped working on publications. Rodrigo was so mortified and hurt. And for good reason, seeing the flashy headlines of Commerce: "The meat smells bad ... in stores ENCI" (8/11/87, p. A 12). "In ENCI stores, grabbing meat ..." (8/12/87, p. To 16). "The prosecution PIP and imported meat analyzed by ENCI" (8/14/87, p. A 9). "The ill-fated ENCI meat: who will take the loss?" (8/15/87, p. A 9). "Politicians claim penalties for perpetrators of meat brought ENCI" (8/17/87, p. A 11), etc.. Thanks to the mediation of Baella Tuesta, the newspaper had published two statements dean of Rodrigo (Friday 13 and Wednesday 19 August). One of them even took place in the premises of the newspaper. With that, we thought we had closed the painful chapter of spoiled meat imports, whose volume is not represented or 1.3% of the meat sold by ENCI. However, this did not happen. Yesterday, EXPRESS played 6 page A Trade dated August 29, 1987, in which - in the absence of major elements to attack Rodrigo management - is reported "findings in detail ENCI business management" tuck your batteries not only against the issue of spoiled meat, but also of an alleged overstaffing, food losses in stores provinces and alleged discrimination in the granting of shares Pacasmayo corn. Undoubtedly, a black hand holding as wanted negative information about ENCI. Rodrigo did not read that last and interested story. He was killed on the morning of the same day. For many who we rounded, relentless media campaign that exposed him in the eyes of terrorism as a miserable and corrupt public official. Is it not with those adjectives that Abimael Guzman, in 1988, refers to Franco, the Shining Path attribute to his murder? Are we going to wipe out the sinister words heard Guzman: "We destroyed one bureaucrat extremely dangerous parasite!"? Shippers After my conversation with Baella narrate, Rodrigo lumbered his head from side to side. So days, the issue of the nationalization of the banking, financial and insurance companies also had him worried, because he considered an unfortunate. However, this time I touched the point of the bench on which we had long conversations in the weeks before, but openly discussed the campaign of El Comercio. "There is a fundamental issue - I said - which is linked to the transport of fertilizers and other products. There are two shipping lines are scrambling shipments from abroad: Santa and Humboldt." Mediating a break or perhaps another comment adjective, remember perfectly Rodrigo's question: "Tell me, do you know the son of Alejandro Miró Quesada?". Actually, I had never fully considered the leafy family genealogy owns Trade, or knew their ramifications. Franco inquired by the rod then co namesake Director, Alejandro Miró Quesada Garland. At my refusal, he added: "He's involved in this. Now I know." TOMORROW: The mechanism importer. Political projects of Rodrigo Testimony of loyalty THE LAST DAYS OF RODRIGO FRANCO (Part III) The same prosecutor has reopened the investigation into the murder of Rodrigo Franco must quote Alejandro Miró Quesada Cisneros, figure out what it had links with a shipping company in 1987 and whether the interests of the transport of inputs and fertilizers, led the campaign Trade against ENCI and the hideous crime. By: Cesar Campos R. Thursday August 27, 1987, eight of the night. Urbanization Camacho, La Molina. Residence Pizarro engineer Julio Flores, whose family heraldry APRA exhibits bulletproof. Maria Eugenia, the youngest daughter, came serving as advisor to the President of ENCI, but the prostrate disease several weeks. Rodrigo Franco go regularly to visit and take the opportunity to quote me in her house in order to exhaust the gatherings on the political events of the day. Despite the ruthless campaign of El Comercio, I see that day happy. Martha Lopez Pizarro joins the huddle and listen carefully. "Today I spoke in the afternoon with Pierre Vieger (one of the top aides of President of the Republic). Has confirmed that Alan called me to offer me the presidency of the Central Reserve Bank, "says Rodrigo. The sisters rejoice Pizarro and formulate comments approval. I stick to the analyst: "Alan knows of your questions to the nationalization of banks. If you named in the BCR, it is because you want to send a signal to employers and ensure that paraphrase as "speculum. "Yes, it is possible," Franco answered, adding that Javier "Pocho" Tantalean - head of the National Planning Institute - also had called for ratificarle the offer would receive the president. Rodrigo we look at three expectantly, as if waiting for reviews of the highest caliber. "Sure. If calls you, you must accept, "I express. Martha Maria Eugenia and validate the same impression. Rodrigo smiles and nods. Soon after, observes his watch and says goodbye. It was the last time I saw him alive. IMPORTER MECHANISM Law No. 22,067, which regulated the freight domestic shipping, provided the priority of the missing craft Peruvian Steamship Company (CPV) for the maritime movement of goods purchased by the state from outside. Failing that, authorized private national shipowners replaced in that role with own or foreign vessels (charter). The crisis of the CPV and the deterioration of their boats, were almost constant resort to the second option. Legal norms also pointed to the obligation of private owners on the register of the General Directorate of Water Transport. In 1987, four companies were suitable for the whole call: Consortium Naviero, Naviera Humboldt, Naviera Neptuno and Naviera Santa. ENCI used two types of contracts for imports: Cost, insurance and freight to the port of destination, in which case the exporter provided the input, transport and insurance, and only cost (formula called FOB), in which case the exporter only provided the input and hired ENCI independent insurance and transportation. This method is generally used when the supplier was a foreign owned company dedicated specifically to providing certain inputs, excluding the provision of other services. Although there were four suitable, only two shipping companies competed fiercely in each of the invitations to purchase inputs or fertilizer from abroad. St. Robert were "mono" Leigh, and Humboldt, founded by Luis Banchero Rossi, but then under the captaincy of Ernesto Ferraro. THE MESSAGE When I heard for the first time refer to the name Rodrigo Franco Alejandro Miró Quesada Cisneros, linking the issue of shipping, was stunned. I had one piece of evidence to assess this relationship. I ENCI President clarified the point. "Some time ago, one of my brothers got a message in which I proposed a bribe, was a manager of Humboldt. He said there were hundreds of thousands of dollars for me, if at all favored in competitions by invitation. Of course, my brother sent him to hell, "he said. "Later, I met with Alejandro Miró Quesada (Cisneros) through a mutual friend. I noticed that I talk about how to help Humboldt, which interceded, he told me, just for friendship. I explained that ENCI presidency had nothing to do in that case, having a committee of managers charged with evaluating proposals and proceed with technical criteria. The issue was there. " According to Rodrigo, the failure to intervene to privilege committed to shipping in competitions by invitation, explaining the campaign against El Comercio. Until then, naively thought that the reason was the pure antiaprismo diary. We never thought that - as in the films of Francis Ford Coppola - was just business. TOMORROW: The Bodyguard coward and processed by ENCI. The tragic final day. Testimony of loyalty THE LAST DAYS OF RODRIGO FRANCO (IV) Cristobal Garcia Castro, the "effective partner" 20035, was accused of cowardice by hiding under the bed and not fulfill its task of security, the time of the murder of Rodrigo Franco. Now the version is taken by the trade as major source of ridiculous speculation. By: Cesar Campos R. Friday August 28, 1987. 12 Noon. Griselda Klaric, floor receptionist ENCI local 7 - where was the CEO's office - talk to your boss, Rodrigo Franco. He announces that must travel to Arequipa where his father, who turns years. Franco says with joy that is precisely an invitation from Arequipa and Puno, for a day of sales promotion of potato, that maybe the contacted to assist it in the Altiplano. He asks his phone in the White City and escorts her into the elevator. They say goodbye forever. 2 pm. Jorge Trujillo de Zela, the General Manager, Rodrigo calls. Depart for Tarapoto, where he held the anniversary of ENCI. "Geez, really." He says Franco. The travel schedule is recharged. "I have my bag ready to board the plane. I'll call you later, "he adds. Trujillo never hear his voice. 8 pm. Rodrigo returns to visit his adviser, Maria Eugenia Pizarro. Also Patricia Pizarro, one of the sisters, who announces that prepare rice with eggs and fried plantains. "Excellent, I want the same." Exhibits very good mood and eating with relish. Half an hour later, know that you should go pick up Cecilia's house her mother, located on South Cross Street Groove, and then go to Nana. Patricia embraces him with affection and the hairs of her cashmere sweater adhere to suit your friend. Rodrigo wants to warn but swift hand. Never see him again. 10 pm. Cecilia Martinez del Solar, in fact, the culmination of a long conversation with his mother - Margarita Montes de Peralta - in this house, located in the Miraflores and Venice street goes to his mother. Rodrigo gives the encounter and both, along with three children, enrumban to Nana. Margarita phones to make sure they arrived safely. "Yes mom, all right," says Rodrigo, shortly after telling is eating an avocado. These are the final words between two loved ones, one of them will suffer for the rest of his life an absence impossible to fill. TRAGIC DAY The Franco brothers were most concerned about the safety of Rodrigo. In that season, many public officials had fallen as victims of subversion. A confusing incident occurred weeks before the bridge access Nana - where President ENCI truck was grazed by another vehicle - warned the need to take precautions. Diego Franco got three weapons: a small carbine bullets (going into the hands of the bodyguard aparar Hugo Ortiz Palomino), two pistols and .38 caliber Smith & Wetson, five shots short barrel. A Rodrigo and the second was another bodyguard, Christopher Garcia Castro. The circumstances of the assault on the country house murder by a column, at 5:45 am on August 29, 1987, has been told from various perspectives. However, the most striking is that of García Castro, now called "effective partner" No. 20035, who maintains that he left the room where he spent the night, behind Ortiz Palomino, just heard the first shots. He adds that, seeing his companion riddled, yet managed to distinguish several people. "Nine or ten, some ran. Two of them were hooded. All were black .... The two people I saw and looked at me, were almost dark complexion, dark ... "(El Comercio, Sunday February 22, 2005). "This fagot ..." This version differs completely from that this reporter has been able to gather, based on what I mentioned several witnesses, including the farm laborers. After the attack, Salvador Gutierrez - close friend and collaborator Rodrigo - collects and Jose Antonio Franco Diego street Venice and depart swiftly to Nana. The other brother, Rafael, Benito came later with Cuba. None found Cecilia, who after leaving their children at home Uranga family, went to Lima, where Rodrigo's body lay in the American clinic. She also had suffered a gunshot wound to the ankle. Jose Armando Franco went directly to the hospital. Diego vehemently seeks explanations for what happened. Cristobal Garcia Castro was crying about, "Diego, I could not do anything." Shortly after the farm laborers appear as: Chinese, Papicha, Felipe and Manolo. They are dismayed, but Chinese is displayed rather annoying. "Lord Diego, how much this fag cry (referring to Garcia Castro). I found him hiding under the bed. Above, after I saw, shot in the air all the bullets from his pistol. " Obviously, he did to justify an alleged confrontation with murderers. All agree that Garcia Castro never left the room surveillance. Palomino Hugo Ortiz was shot inside the van, which suggests that it was not in the room, as it says the other bodyguards. Moreover, with the mists of winter morning, how could have distinguished the attackers and even the color of his skin, in the distance? Diego Garcia Castro takes the lapels and shakes him. "What kind of security are you, that you came to defend my brother?" Shouts. I calm down a bit, while the bodyguards still crying. In the afternoon, during the wake held at the house at Venice, presented by the kitchen door. Diego sees and sift again, this time against the refrigerator. To date, never met again. But the brother of Rodrigo Franco waiting patiently to a new confrontation and confront the lies that today has called "effective partner." Brother Rodrigo Franco Jose Antonio Franco Montes was APRA candidate for mayor in the last election Chaclacayo. For him and his brothers killed Rodrigo Path. Militant in full swing, José Antonio intends to follow in the political career. S ON APRA old-fashioned. The grandfather, Rodrigo Franco War, was founder of the party and president of the Senate. The father, Alberto Franco Valera, was a close friend of Haya de la Torre, member, no less, of his defense brigade and one of the most trusted men of the "Old". "He was accompanied by APRA Congressman says Jose Luis Delgado in the campaign of 1962, in 1963 and then when the military coup of 1968, defended and protected. He is part of a group of first class, among other things, Victor Raul accompanied on his travels. " In 1973, Dr. Alberto Franco had to take refuge, first in Argentina and then the Embassy in Caracas it was felt persecuted by the military dictatorship. Rodrigo, the eldest of seven children, he was in Peru by his brother José Armando, who was still at school. Rodrigo had already entered the Catholic law school. Jose Luis Delgado that he was leaving the university, he would pick to take him to small local Alfonso Ugarte. There, Haya and invited him chancay chocolate. Dr. Alberto Franco returned during the Morales Bermudez, for the Constituent Assembly. The five years of APRA management from 1985 to 1990 he was general secretary of the Ministry of Health. While the brothers Rodrigo Franco, prefer to keep silent about the recent statements by Cecilia Martinez del Solar, Rodrigo widow, it is clear that they hold the belief that the attempt on the life of the young leader APRA, the perpetrator Path. Rodrigo Franco was killed on August 29, 1987 at his farm in Nana. Der.: Alan Garcia attended the funeral, his wife and a large number of APRA. As is known, Cecilia Martinez, from 2000 in which he asked to withdraw the pension was assigned as a victim of terrorism, dismissed in what had previously been believed, that the terrorists who killed her husband-to blame the APRA's own responsibility through the "Comando Rodrigo Franco", according to which she manages versions, would be linked to former Interior Minister Agustin Mantilla APRA government, now indicted for receiving money from Vladimiro Montesinos and juicy own accounts abroad. According to Congressman Alvarado, Rodrigo's own father swore, clutching the body of his son, not to rest until we find those responsible for his death. And, according to what was then reported Sergio Ortiz and Raul Chavez, party discipline staff who worked with Dr. Franco, he concluded that the mastermind behind the crime was Marcelino Tineo Sulca. Tineo had a son who died in the slaughter of the prisons in 1986 and a daughter, Tania, now prey, for the murder of Juan Vega Llona, Peru's naval attache in Bolivia. The truth is never found, neither judged nor condemned the murderers of Rodrigo Franco. Rodrigo's father was a very energetic and passionate. This is an anecdotal detail: the death of her son, was so incensed that he wanted to take to the streets to find the murderers. Alan García himself ordered them to give him a sedative and took him to the palace for the night. It is said that Dr. Alberto Franco found in local Atlas Trash-Marcelino Tineo was president of the federation of workers in the enterprise-turned earth in which apparently had been buried weapons and ammunition. "We are not opposed to any research is done Congressman says Alvarado-but it is absurd that APRA had to do with the death of one of its most beloved companions. Rodrigo had an important influence within the party base. He was one of the 1,300 victims of terrorism APRA ". Rodrigo Franco and JL Alvarado, sharing activities in Huancayo. Alvarado added: "His mother, Margarita Montes de Peralta, her father while living, his brothers, have never doubted who the perpetrators of the attack against Rodrigo. Know of the friendship he had with Dr. Albert Hague, Victor knew themselves Raul then constantly visited at home. So much so that one of the Franco Montes is our candidate for the Municipality of Chaclacayo in the 2002 elections. " Refers to José Antonio (33), the lowest. Jose Luis Alvarado, meanwhile, was very close to Rodrigo Franco. "In 1985, Congressman-Rodrigo refers was named president and I ECASA ENCI. So we decided, together with the Agriculture Minister Remigio Morales Bermúdez, installing outlets and purchase in different locations in the country. Started to enter the Andean region, in Ayacucho, Huancayo. There, people could sell their products, their dad, their corn because ENCI were bought. ECASA rice was selling at the same price as in the rest of Peru. In those areas where was into hiking, we got up the quality of life of people and everyone felt good about it, because they felt that, at last, the State had come. I think that was the reason why Sendero took umbrage with us. A Path interested in the complete abandonment of the people.'s why Rodrigo Franco chose to kill him. " "It's ridiculous and absurd, he continues to say that the Rodrigo Franco Command was responsible. Would not make sense that the same command kills paramilitary Rodrigo put after his name." Alvarado says, on the other hand, the relationship between Garcia and Rodrigo Franco was "extraordinary" and that Alan had intended for him the presidency of the Central Reserve Bank. Congressman concluded: "Many APRA were close friends of Dr. Alberto Franco, the son of a close friend, do you could kill?". Rodrigo Franco Command This article or section needs References appear in a reputable publication such as journals, monographs, newspapers or websites reliable . You can add so or warn the author of the paper in pasting talk page: {{subst:Aviso referencias|Comando Rodrigo Franco}} ~~~~ There are disagreements about the neutrality viewpoint Current version of this article or section. In Index page You can see the debate. The call Rodrigo Franco Command, was a paramilitary commando and death squad that came and worked for the government APRA of Alan Garcia ( one thousand nine hundred eighty-five - one thousand nine hundred and ninety ), as a device to eliminate and intimidate suspected terrorists in a context of heightened political violence in the Peru . Was severely questioned by his threats, crimes and extrajudicial killings against suspected not only terrorism , but also against members of the opposition. The report of the Commission of Truth and Reconciliation given in the 2003 , suggests that cases of thwarted bombing Marka Journal, the murder of lawyer Manuel Febres Flores (then Ombudsman Osman Morote ) and murder union leader Saul Cantoral, among others, were carried out by members of the Comando Rodrigo Franco called [ citation needed ], who were presumably directed Agustín Mantilla , then interior minister. The name of the command has been controversial, because Rodrigo Franco was known member American Popular Revolutionary Alliance , considered honorable, and although initially it was believed a result of infighting within the party, then the group Sendero Luminoso authorship acknowledged the fact. 2.24. Rodrigo Franco MURDER (1987) Background Rodrigo Franco Montes de Peralta was 30 when he was killed. During the first year of the APRA government, Rodrigo Franco was appointed Secretary General of the Ministry of Agriculture. Later, Chairman of National Marketing Company Inputs (ENCI). At that time, this State had a large amount of resources, it had a monopoly on all food imports. Murder of Rodrigo Franco Montes and his bodyguard Hugo Ortiz Palomino On Friday August 28, 1987, Rodrigo Franco arrived with his family to the farm "La Era ", located on a rural road in the district of Nana. At the time of the attack, was accompanied by his wife, their three young children, his bodyguards and Christopher Garcia Castro Hugo Ortiz Palomino and the two housemaids. Approximately, at 6.00 am on 29 August 1987, "in a surprise move, eight unidentified raided the house of ENCI officer, provided firearms and explosives, all previously surrounded the residence and later attacked with shots of firearms and explosives (...) " 1 . The attack began, according to the wife of victim-when it was still dark, but at the end it was morning. The victim's wife, Maria Cecilia Martinez del Solar, an eyewitness to the events said: "We woke up to a loud noise (...) I personally thought it was an earthquake. Without But Rodrigo was clear that it was not, because before there was a second detonation, (...) he had already brought the kids and the room used to us " 2 . Indeed, there were two explosions. The first came in the front door of the house and the other, in one of the bathrooms of the house. After the first explosion, the attackers entered the home at various locations 3 . Attackers once inside the house, detonated an explosive charge in the room door, where he was the whole family and the two employees. Some of the attackers were on the garden side of the house, overlooking the main room through a door. They shouted, "Rodrigo salt, or kill your family" 4 . Rodrigo Franco, despite the pleas of his wife for him not to, out the door to the side garden and said: "My kids no! " 5 . 1 Part No. 2161-A-SDIRCOTE, of 29 August 1987, page 2. 2 Testimony of Cecilia Martinez del Solar, given at the public hearing organized by the Committee on Truth and Reconciliation in the city of Lima on June 21, 2002. 3 Magazine "Yes" from September 7, 1989, page 20. 4 Testimony of Cecilia Martinez del Solar to the Commission for Truth and Reconciliation. 5 Ibid. 255María Laura Cecilia Salgado Martinez del Solar said: "(...) he opened the door, the only door was locked, was gunned down immediately. And after a few seconds, we heard a voice counted to three, as he throws. Three shots were given. He made the silence and in a few seconds for me were very long, (...) " 6 . After the attack the Solar Maria Cecilia Martinez Salgado noted that offenders retired, but could not recognize them "(...) I saw people, all homogeneous profiles, dressed of black walking towards the river (...) " 7 . Maria Cecilia Martinez del Solar ran to his vehicle and found no windshield. Then he went to the vehicle ENCI had assigned to her husband and found the body of Hugo Ortiz Palomino bodyguards. According to his account, then was helped by neighbors, raised the body of one of Rodrigo Franco vehicles and taken to the Anglo-American Clinic in San Isidro, which were limited to certify his death. Police investigation and prosecution After the attack mentioned, the first to arrive at the family home of Franco Martinez Solar were members of the Civil Guard Station District Chaclacayo who performed the first verification. One such effective (was never determine their identity), have found a picture of a woman "in the vicinity of the body" 8 . The same day, police identified the woman Chaclacayo Photo 9 as Ana Alzola Cecilia Diaz (26) 10 , Who lived at Nana and immediately placed. This reported having lost their personal documents and multiple photos in September 1986, to attend a social gathering in the district of Ate Vitarte. He also noted that after almost a month if any lost, a distant cousin identified as Angel Ascencio Ayala (18), had returned only your personal documents. The staff of the police station intervened Chaclacayo Angel Ascencio Ayala, who domiciliaba also to Nana, who said Ana Diaz Alzola documents, they had been delivered his cousin Erick Sosa Torres (17), it also relative. 6 Testimony of Cecilia Martinez del Solar, given at the public hearing organized by the Committee on Truth and Reconciliation in the city of Lima on June 21, 2002. 7 Testimony of Cecilia Martinez del Solar, given at the public hearing organized by the Committee on Truth and Reconciliation in the city of Lima on June 21, 2002. 8 Part 2219-A7-SDIRCOTE dated September 3, 1987 9 Never got to determine how the picture had come to the place, but apparently had left hands a police officer who arrived at the scene and had a romance with Ana Arzola conflict. 10 It is clear from the evidence in the process, one of the Civil Guard police station Nana had an affair with this woman problem, which may have caused the appearance of your photo in the place of the facts. 256La Chaclacayo Police located the lower Erick Sosa Torres, also a resident of Nana, who confirmed that indeed, found the documents mentioned and gave his cousin Ascencio Angel Ayala. Once arrested, the three youths were referred to the Directorate Against Terrorism (DIRCOTE), on suspicion of being part of the terrorist attack under investigation. On September 3, 1986, Ana Cecilia Diaz and Miguel Angel Ascencio Alzola Ayala were submitted to the 32nd Provincial Criminal Prosecutor of Lima. Eric Sosa Torres was referred to the 5th Juvenile Court of Lima. The Provincial Prosecutor Ana Cecilia Díaz denounced Alzola and Miguel Angel Ayala Ascencio as alleged perpetrators of the crime of terrorism based on the photograph of the first, allegedly found at the scene. The prosecutor did not contribute to his indictment no other evidence. On September 4, 1987, the Judge of the 32nd Trial Court of Lima issued the order for opening process for terrorism. By lending his preliminary hearing, Ana Cecilia Alzola Diaz confirmed what the police said at the time of her arrest. His account was confirmed by numerous witnesses, and presented as evidence some photographs taken at the scene where was the day of the incident. Meanwhile Miguel Angel Ayala Ascencio, denied having taken part in the attack and said suffers from polio, which prevents it move normally and you can not make any physical effort. Stopping Antonio Ponce Melquiades Hilario During the early days of the research had been doing for the murder DIRCOTE Rodrigo Franco, the surviving bodyguard Christopher Alfonso García Castro, was quoted in order to carry out further recognition through photo archives. The Witness: "... of all the albums that I got separated four to five people, because no was in good spirits for the facts ... " 11 . Later, on October 22, 1987, in the district of San Martin de Porres, the Police Melquiades circumstantially stopped Antonio Ponce Hilario, who had an order of detention for terrorism, to be recognized by an agent when he was in a Bus. At the time of his capture, he was seized subversive documents. When Melquiades Hilario Ponce was arrested, the surviving witness was called again by DIRCOTE and said Of the people that I have presented to the view, I recognize only the third of the appointed, the same by the name of Antonio Melquiades PONCE HILARIO 11 Testimony of Christopher Garcia Catro of fs. 117 of the court file. 257 (23), this guy spotted him at the time of the attack clearly subversive, which saw; noticing that the above subject was carrying a machine gun and was in front of the front door of the building shooting at the fourth of the employees, then noted the same subject in the company of two others, went to the truck ENCI that was parked at the front door, fired shots that place against the employee who claimed PALOMINO Hugo ORTIZ covered with the truck, falling to the pavement riddled by bullets fired by these rebels (...) 12 On November 4, 1987, the Directorate Against Terrorism imputed to Antonio Ponce Melquiades Hilario, belonging to the Shining Path guerrilla group and participating in the attack Rodrigo Franco Montes de Peralta, being included in the process kept at 32 º Trial Court of Lima. Zavaleta Ciles Nilton Detention Anchivilca On May 14, 1988, in the district of San Luis, the police captured Ciles Nilton Zavaleta Anchivilca, who was carrying in a backpack four explosive devices. The DIRCOTE what related to Hilario Antonio Ponce Melquiades. As a result, he was charged membership Sendero Luminoso and taking part in the killing matter of this report. Being Also included in the process. Subsequently, they were included in the process Victor Alvarez Ramos, Gilberto Quispe and Hilario Chavelón Iparraguirre Najarro. The DIRCOTE determined that Gilberto Iparraguirre Quispe, who was along with Nilton Ciles Zavaleta Anchivilca the time of his capture, was the political leader of the "Annihilation Detachment" and member of the Dome Leader of the Lima Metropolitan Committee of the Shining Path. And that Hilario Chavelón Najarro and Victor Alvarez Ramos had lent their homes, located in Callao and Singing Large, respectively, to serve as a "base". Once the training period, the provincial prosecutor said he had not tested criminal responsibility for the crime of terrorism defendants Miguel Ascencio Ayala, Ana Cecilia Diaz Alzola, Hernan Vega Palomino, Victor Alvarez Ramos, Gilberto Iparraguirre Quispe, Zavaleta and Hilary Milton Anchivilca Chavelón Najarro. The Provincial Prosecutor ruled only by the criminal liability of Melquiades Antonio Ponce Hilario, because it had been recognized by the surviving bodyguards. However, 32nd Judge Magistrate's Court in Lima, said that responsibility had been established all criminal defendants 13 . The case was elevated to the 11th Criminal Court of Lima, where the Prosecutor dated January 20, 1989, spoke in terms of lack of grounds to go to trial against Hilario Antonio Ponce and Nilton Melquiades Zavaleta Anchivilca for the murder in tort 12 Recognition Act which runs 380 pages File No. 158-87. 13 Final Report of April 19, 1988, File 158-87, pages 174 to 185. 258de Rodrigo Franco Montes de Peralta and Hugo Ortiz Palomino therefore considered that: "(...) these defendants have not been in the scene at the Hacienda Las Eras, the day of the incident (...) The single witness statement Christopher Alfonso García Castro (...) is not credible, because the eight terrorists who attacked with explosives and machine guns, were hooded for not be recognized and acted rapidly neither also been indicted captured in the scene, and there is no evidence for this process include the file definitively ... " 14 . Consequently, the accused Antonio Ponce Melquiades Hilario and Nilton Ciles Anchivilca Zavaleta should only be prosecuted for the crime of terrorism and requested being imposed on him 18 years in prison. In addition, the Prosecutor said that "instruction (has been) taken mainly poorly with Franco Montes connection with the case .... " 15 . The members of the 11th Criminal Court of Lima, disagreed with the view of Prosecutor, believing that all defendants should be subjected to trial. Given this discrepancy, the case was elevated in consulting the Chief Criminal Prosecutor, who on 20 December 1988, said that Ana Cecilia Diaz Alzola was innocent and ordered the Prosecutor to Ascencio accuses Miguel Angel Ayala, Antonio Ponce Melquiades, Nilton Ciles Zavaleta Anchivilca and Gilberto Iparraguirre Quispe, on suspicion of crimes against the life body and health - murder of Rodrigo Franco Montes tort of Peralta and Hugo Ortiz Palomino and other crimes. Pursuant to the mandate of the Chief Prosecutor, the 11th Criminal Court of Lima, in May 1989 began the trial of accused dated February 29, 1990, issued judgment acquitting Antonio Ponce Melquiades Hilario, Milton Ciles Anchivilca Zavaleta and Miguel Angel Ayala Ascencio of offenses already mentioned. However, convicted the two first to 18 years imprisonment, for the crime of terrorism. In this judgment the 11th Criminal Court ordered "to refer the certified copies of this judgment Duty Provincial Prosecutor to carry out investigations to find those real perpetrators of the crime of murder " 16 Rodrigo Franco. Basing his decision said that "a critical analysis of the various parties that have led to this process we see that the searches of the police to find the culprits the horrendous murder were hopelessly doomed to fail " 17 . The sentence in Mention was confirmed by the Criminal Chamber of the Supreme Court, by execution of 3 May 1991. 14 Indictment, dated October 4, 1988, Exp 21-88, pages 301.302. 15 Opinion No 84, Prosecutor's Office 11. 16 Judgment February 29, 1990. 17 Ibid. 259Actualmente, the murder of Rodrigo Franco Montes de Peralta and Hugo Ortiz Palomino Preliminary research is at the 28th Provincial Prosecutor of Lima, by the Attorney Ad-hoc for Terrorism Cases (Docket No. 211-02). Results of the investigation by the Commission on Truth and Reconciliation responsibility for the murder of Rodrigo Franco Montes a) The murder was carried out by a paramilitary group, which then would have adopted the name "Rodrigo Franco Command" b) The attack on the ruling APRA Rodrigo Franco Montes de Peralta, has been attributed to the group paramilitary later bear his name, which was made up of young students from the Student Revolutionary Alliance AER and some policemen in activity. Witness No. booked 32 of the Commission of Truth and Reconciliation said that " Rodrigo Franco Agustín Mantilla killed him because he was a stumbling block to Alan Garcia, was intelligent, charismatic and wanted nothing to do with corruption. It was one of the critical currents in the Party with Luis Alberto Sanchez ... " 18 . According to this witness, in criminal event may have been involved in some way, Miguel Angel Pincilotti Cabrejos, who years before had been recruited by Augustine Mantilla, to form part of the security group of APRA. At the time of the murder Rodrigo Franco, he worked at the National Marketing Inputs (ENCI) which acted as to pay personal security Rodrigo Franco. That said: "(...) Pincilotti Cabrejos, he was one of the main security Rodrigo Franco (...) it when the attack was not there, he became ill (...) yes, he was told "you take care of me this guy (...)" 19 . The Commission of Truth and Reconciliation quoted Miguel Angel Pincilotti Cabrejos for give his version of events, but he did not attend the invitation. The Commission confirmed that Miguel Angel Pincilotti Cabrejos worked as security personnel in ENCI because in his personnel file, it is recorded that he was hired on December 3, 1986, to work on the "Department. Security or Nig. Busy. Management of Directors " 20 , And remain so company until August 5, 1991. 18 Testimony given in January 2003. 19 Reserved Witness Statement No. 34 of the Commission of Truth and Reconciliation, January 20 2003. 20 Employment Contract signed on December 3, 1986 between the National Marketing Inputs-ENCI and Miguel Angel Pincilotti Cabrejos. 260De According to the witness, Miguel Angel Pincilotti Cabrejos manager would give the "adjustment" Rodrigo Franco, "by order of Agustín Mantilla, ..." 21 . Moreover, the witness aside No. 62, who joined the elite group formed within the Grude 22 , Of the Directorate of Special Operations (DOES) of Police, told the Commission Truth and Reconciliation Commission that he knew that the murder of Rodrigo Franco habría participado dicho grupo de la Policía en combinación con civiles del Comando. Even sindico al Comandante GC Rafael Gonzalez Zegarra, ahora fallecido ya dos capitanes como participantes del hecho ya Agustín Mantilla Campos como autor intelectual. La Comisión de la Verdad y Reconciliación verificó que al citado comandante pertenecían en esa época al GRUDE de la DOES de la Policía 23 . Asimismo, el Informante declaró que los móviles del asesinato de Rodrigo Franco Montes de Peralta, fueron las denuncias que estaba a punto de hacer públicas, lo cual posiblemente desestabilizaría al gobierno aprista: “Estuve en la reunión en donde dijeron que había sido un error haberlo matado porque iba a traer consecuencias políticas peores de las que se iban a mejorar, según …….., y la decisión que tomaron para que lo asesinaran al señor fue el que iba a denunciar varias cosas: una era la carne malograda que había traído (Remigio Morales Bermúdez de la Argentina” 24 Por otra parte, el informante afirmó a la Comisión de la Verdad y Reconciliación que los civiles eran algunas de las personas reclutadas por Jesús Miguel “Chito” Ríos Sáenz, conocido por ellos como “Raúl Bonifaz” 25 . La viuda de Rodrigo Franco, Señora Cecilia Martínez del Solar afirmó que su esposo, desde su cargo en la Empresa Nacional de Comercialización de Insumos (ENCI), conoció de cerca la corrupción en la que se encontraban comprometidos muchos funcionarios del gobierno aprista, lo que estuvo a punto de denunciar. Del mismo modo, había empezado a cuestionar algunas medidas políticas dictadas en ese entonces. Pocos días antes de ser asesinado, Rodrigo Franco Montes de Peralta, había decidido renunciar a la Empresa Nacional de Comercialización de Insumos. Una persona que colaboró con Rodrigo Franco y que pidió reserva de su identidad, señaló a esta Comisión que uno de los posibles móviles del asesinato era que “Rodrigo Franco iba a denunciar a la prensa los posibles efectos de la reorientación de la política alimentaria del gobierno (importaciones) y los graves casos de 21 Testimonio de testigo reservado ante la Comisión de la Verdad y Reconciliación. 22 Descripción mas amplia de que fue este grupo en el informe sobre el Comando Rodrigo Franco. 23 Hojas de vida de la Policía Nacional del Perú. 24 Testimonio del Informante de la Policía prestado ante los miembros de la Comisión de la Verdad y Reconciliación el 20 de enero del 2003. 25 La esposa de Walter Lauri Morales, Ana Anchissi, afirma que un tal Raúl Bonifaz visitaba constantemente a su esposo. Walter Lauri fue en efectivo del DELTA 5 de la DIRCOTE que tuvo en sus manos la investigación del asesinato de Rodrigo Franco Montes de Peralta y Hugo Ortiz Palomino. 261corrupción que acababa de investigar” 26 . Según éste, estas circunstancias hacían a Rodrigo Franco Montes de Peralta, un personaje sumamente incómodo para el gobierno aprista. “Ante la evidente corrupción que se venía desarrollando, Rodrigo Franco se perfilaba como una alternativa honesta dentro del mismo Partido Aprista” 27 . b) Sendero Luminoso autor del asesinato de Rodrigo Franco La Comisión de la Verdad y Reconciliación ha recogido también diversas versiones que atribuyen la autoría del asesinato de Rodrigo Franco al grupo subversivo Sendero Luminoso. Así la Comisión de la Verdad y Reconciliación entrevistó a un miembro de Sendero Luminoso, quien declaró que cuando estuvo en prisión escuchó a tres integrantes de esa organización, atribuirse el asesinato de Rodrigo Franco Montes de Peralta 28 . Estos comentaron que, el objetivo de este atentado era desestabilizar al gobierno aprista. Al evaluar el atentado, uno de ellos se jactó de haber sido el jefe de la operación y concluyó que estuvo bien que Rodrigo Franco Montes de Peralta hubiera salido de su cuarto, “por que si no volábamos a toda la familia” 29 . Estos comentaron que un miembro resentido del APRA, les habría dado información sobre Rodrigo Franco. Puesto que el objetivo de Sendero Luminoso habría sido acabar con los nuevos líderes del APRA y que Rodrigo Franco “era el único que le hacía el alto cuando Alan García desvariaba”. Los autores habrían dicho “era un gol matar a Rodrigo Franco”. El atentado se habría planificado por el Río Rímac, y que habían actuado en unas 15 people. Añadieron que no les “salió tan bien como habían pensado, porque querían volar todos los carros” 30 . Lo que no habría sido posible porque uno de los guardaespaldas se había escondido en los alrededores y temieron que les disparara, sin embargo no lo hizo. Sendero Luminoso asume la responsabilidad del asesinato en un informe al Primer Congreso del Partido Comunista del Perú-SL El 31 de enero de 1991, la DIRCOTE, incursionó en un inmueble del distrito de La Victoria, donde se incauto abundante documentación perteneciente al grupo subversivo Sendero Luminoso. The resultados de esta intervención fueron puestos en conocimiento de la Comisión de la Verdad y Reconciliación, por la Dirección Contra el Terrorismo el 21 de abril del 2003, documento suscrito por el Coronel Benedicto Jiménez Baca, jefe de la División de Inteligencia Operativa. 26 Informe elabora por colaborador de Rodrigo Franco. 27 Ibid. 28 Nilton Ciles Zavaleta Anchivilca, no quiso identificar a los subversivos, pues teme por su vida ya que se encuentra purgando condena en el mismo pabellón de los presos por terrorismo. 29 Testimonio reservado brindado ante los miembros de la Comisión de la Verdad y Reconciliación. 30 Ibid. 262En dicho inmueble, se encontró “un informe presentado por el líder senderista ABIMAEL GUZMÁN REINOSO” correspondiente a la Primera Sesión del Primer Congreso del Partido Comunista del Perú (...),” 31 en el cual se decía (...) también golpear los planes estatales cuando se golpea, por ejemplo a un FRANCO – la importancia que para el Estado tenía ese individuo se ve por cuanto lo han llorado, claro (...)” 32 . La Policía afirma también que en la página 24 del citado documento, se encuentra consignada otra afirmación de Abimael Guzmán Reinoso: “(...) hay que recordar las acciones siguientes: Celebración del Día de la Heroicidad, claro, un hito en nuestra acción por el salto en el trabajo de masas, 18 y 19, muy importante. Aniquilamiento de Rodrigo Franco, ¿acaso no lloraba el señor García, qué ha dicho él?, 'yo tenía grandes destinos para (no se como se llama)', ¿ así no ha dicho?, había sido opus dei el miserable, claro, hasta el opus dei lo esta llorando, hasta España esta llorando entonces(...) hemos aniquilado un parásito burocrático sumamente peligroso sino ¿qué tanto llanto?(...)” 33 . Asimismo, se consigna en la página 62 del mismo documento (...) Resaltar el aniquilamiento a Rodrigo Franco; el sabotaje a Nissan(...)” 34 . En el marco del mismo operativo, la DIRCOTE encontró también un audio relacionado con el asesinato de Rodrigo Franco, su trascripción resulta ser el informe presentado por el líder senderista a la Primera Sesión del Primer Congreso del PCP-SL, incautado en la vivienda de La Victoria, ya citado. El Coronel PNP Benedicto Jiménez Baca, sostiene que esta información confirma el contenido del Parte Nº 2766-D5-SDIRCOTE de fecha 4 de noviembre de 1987, en que se atribuye la autoría del atentado contra Rodrigo Franco Montes de Peralta, a Sendero Luminoso, a través de Antonio Melquíades Ponce Hilario 35 , quien habría actuado junto con “Juan”, “Sten”, “María” y otros no identificados. Añade también, que la versión de la Policía se corroboró con el “Acta de Reconocimiento Físico efectuado por el testigo presencial de los hechos y guardaespaldas Cristóbal Alfonso García Castro en presencia de los representantes del Ministerio Público” 36 . Sin embargo, el Poder Judicial absolvió a Antonio Melquíades Ponce Hilario del asesinato de Rodrigo Franco y sólo fue condenado por delito de terrorismo. 31 Informe ICC 030-DIRCOTE-DIVIOPOL-GIPCCAT, del 21 de abril del 2003, página 8. 32 Informe ICC 030-DIRCOTE-DIVIOPOL-GIPCCAT, del 21 de abril del 2003, página 9. 33 Informe ICC 030-DIRCOTE-DIVIOPOL-GIPCCAT, del 21 de abril del 2003, página 9. 34 Informe ICC 030-DIRCOTE-DIVIOPOL-GIPCCAT, del 21 de abril del 2003, página 9. 35 Absuelto por el asesinato de Rodrigo Franco Montes y Hugo Ortiz Palomino, condenado por terrorismo en agravio del Estado. 36 Informe ICC 030-DIRCOTE-DIVIOPOL-GIPCCAT, del 21 de abril del 2003, página 10. 263Abimael Guzmán Reinoso, en la entrevista con la Comisión de la Verdad y Reconciliación reconoció el hecho En la entrevista a Abimael Guzmán Reinoso en el Centro de Reclusión de la Base Naval del Callao con miembros de la Comisión de la Verdad y Reconciliación 37 , el líder senderista ensayo una explicación sobre la participación de Sendero Luminoso, en determinadas acciones: Quiero ser lo más claro posible, hay algunas cosas en las que sí he participado y decidido, específicamente sí las hay (...) por que eso queda. Pero no hay, supongamos, en esta situación como el caso Huilca o en el caso de la señora Moyano...no... en el caso de Franco either. Bien, en la casi totalidad de los hechos por tanto a nosotros se nos informaba con informes regulares que tenían que ser presentados en tiempos posteriores, nos informaban. Y ahí se nos ha dicho, tal o cual acciones, por que estaban en el informe, así es como sabemos, así es el caso de Franco. Ahora, más allá no podríamos garantizar, de ahí que dijéramos que íbamos a indagar, algo similar en el caso de los sacerdotes de Ancash se nos dijo que fue una acción de nuestros compañeros, mas que habían sacado un volante desmintiendo. Se nos dijo que la Iglesia afirmaba que sí había sido una acción de nuestros compañeros (...) por eso dijimos que vamos a indagar. Así ha sido siempre 38 . Es decir, si bien Abimael Guzmán sostiene no haber ordenado personalmente el asesinato de Rodrigo Franco, reconoce haber recibido la información a través de un informe regular del organismo responsable, situación que hace verosímil la información. Entrevista con altos mandos de Sendero Luminoso Durante la investigación del presente caso, se dio a conocer el informe de la Primera Sesión del Primer Congreso de Sendero Luminoso. En búsqueda de mayor información, la Comisión de la Verdad y Reconciliación dialogó con altos mandos de Sendero Luminoso que cumplen condena en diversos penales del país. Sin embargo, se negaron a hablar sobre el particular, limitándose a señalar que el tema lo debatirían públicamente. Conclusions El mismo día del asesinato de Rodrigo Franco, la DIRCOTE emitió un parte policial atribuyendo la autoría al PCP-SL. Sin embargo, tal documento no tuvo base probatoria alguna, pues se sustentó en el testimonio de detenidos, vinculados al caso por un hecho absolutamente circunstancial e irrelevante, razón por la cual fueron absueltos luego por el Poder Judicial. El grupo policial que intervino en la investigación de este hecho fue el Delta 5 de la Dirección Contra el Terrorismo de la Policía, grupo en el que participaba el entonces Capitán Walter Lauri Morales, a quien se atribuye vinculación con el grupo paramilitar que lleva el nombre de la víctima, hecho que podría explicar el apresuramiento y las inconsistencias de la investigación policial de la época. 37 Entrevista del 30 de abril del 2003. 38 Entrevista concedida por Abimael Guzmán Reinoso a los miembros de la Comisión de la Verdad y Reconciliación el 30 de abril del 2003. 264Llama la atención, que el documento y audio incautados en enero de 1991, no se hayan remitido oportunamente al Ministerio Público o al Poder Judicial que investigaban el asesinato de Rodrigo Franco. Recién en abril del 2003, dichos documentos se hicieron de dominio público. Sin embargo, la Comisión de la Verdad y Reconciliación considera que la hipótesis de atribuir responsabilidad al PCP-SL por el asesinato de Rodrigo Franco resulta más consistente. Indeed, la inclusión de este hecho en el informe presentado a la Primera Sesión del Primer Congreso de Partido Comunista del Perú-Sendero Luminoso y los comentarios que sobre esta acción realiza Abimael Guzmán hacen verosímil esta información, por lo que resulta razonable suponer que los autores del asesinato de Rodrigo Franco fueron integrantes de Sendero Luminoso. La Comisión de la Verdad y Reconciliación, condena enérgicamente dicho acto puesLa Comisión de la Verdad y Reconciliación, condena enérgicamente dicho acto pues constituye una flagrante violación a las disposiciones contenidas en el Artículo 3 común de los Convenios de Ginebra El asesinato de Rodrigo Franco Oswaldo Carpio.- Rodrigo Franco Montes de Peralta, a la edad de 30 años, era un inteligente, honrado y leal dirigente aprista. Hijo de una familia aprista, abrazó los ideales de justicia social, libertad y democracia que le enseñara su padre. Sin embargo, su vida acabó la madrugada del 27 de agosto de 1987, cuando fue asesinado, mientras intentaba descansar con su familia pues planeaba su renuncia a ENCI –la entidad pública que presidía-Rodrigo dejó una viuda -Cecilia Martínez del Solar- y tres pequeños hijos. Durante más de 13 años se sostuvo que los asesinos de Rodrigo eran senderistas. Éstos, que siempre reivindicaban sus atentados, esta vez, estuvieron en silencio. El atentado no fue, propiamente, del método senderista. A Rodrigo Franco, sus homicidas, lo llamaron por su nombre para que saliera de la casa. “Sal Rodrigo o matamos a tus hijos”, vociferaban mientras lanzaban un explosivo sobre la casa. Rodrigo, reunió a sus pequeños hijos y a Cecilia en su dormitorio y les explicó la situación. Se despidió de ella y de los pequeños. Dio un paso hacia fuera y recibió 27 balazos de fusiles ametralladoras. La investigación policial dirigida por Agustín Mantilla Campos -secretario privado, vice ministro y ministro del Interior de Alan García- monitoreó, personalmente, las investigaciones. Por ello es que el atestado policial -de la misma forma como se hizo en el caso del famoso “Chito” Ríos militante aprista de ese comando asesino- se elaboró en un día pero con el fin de oscurecer los hechos que nunca ensamblaron con el análisis forense. De un lado, el atestado policial decía que había sido muerte de ocho disparos de pistola y mostraban los casquillos de bala mientras que el informe forense decía que había muerto de 27 balazos de fusil-ametralladora. Al guardaespaldas sobreviviente lo obligaron a “reconocer” a dos senderistas que fueron condenados por apología de terrorismo pero no por el crimen. Toda la investigación estuvo conducida a ocultar a los verdaderos asesinos. Casi veinte años después de crimen los testigos que habían desaparecido y estaban ocultos, salieron y, por remordimiento, empezaron a hablar. Los testigos y Cecilia Martínez del Solar, señalan que el grupo que asesinó a Rodrigo llevaba uniforme negro. Todos eran de porte militar. Altos, cuerpo atlético de cabello muy recortado. Lo más grave es lo que indica el testigo -WPM20035, para protegerlo- guardaespaldas de Rodrigo. Él señala que, otro guardaespaldas de iniciales APC, le dijo que no acudiría al servicio y que si se producía un atentado contra Rodrigo, no se metiera en problemas, que se ocultara hasta que vuelva la calma y que hiciera algunos disparos al aire que no le pasaría nada. El sobreviviente hizo lo que le dijeron y por ello, puede hoy hablar. Se ocultó en un pueblito de la selva durante más de catorce años… Ha sido ubicado y se decidió hablar. El testigo, es preciso señalarlo, es aprista desde pequeño y perteneció a la CHAP –Chicos apristas peruanos. ¿Por qué habrían asesinado a Rodrigo Franco? Uno de los testigos señala que Rodrigo Franco era un duro crítico de la corrupción que estaba descubriendo, especialmente de la importación de alimentos, carne y arroz, que luego involucraron a los más altos funcionarios del ministerio de Agricultura, que fueron denunciados por la compras irregulares de carne -que llegó en mal estado de Argentina- arroz y harina. Rodrigo discrepaba, además de una política agraria que privilegiaba la importación de alimentos subsidiados que afectaba duramente la agricultura. Entre otros factores, la harina y el arroz subsidiados competían deslealmente con la papa a la que desplazaron de la mesa familiar, causando grave daño a los agricultores. Se denunció coimas, productos de mala calidad y precios arreglados. La investigación del llamado comando Rodrigo Franco empezó en el Congreso de la República en el año 1989. El Informe de la minoría formada por los congresistas Gustavo Espinoza, Manuel Piqueras y Celso Sotomarino, concluyó que el llamado comando RF, era autor de varios crímenes y que estaba organizado y dirigido por Agustín Mantilla y su hermano Jorge. A Mantilla se le encontró, además, responsabilidad en la compra ilegal de armas. El llamado comando RF era un grupo para-policial, formado por policías en servicio y militantes apristas de las fuerzas de choque, que, según declaraciones a la prensa, cometió más de mil crímenes y atentados. Los informantes -miembros de este grupo criminal- señalan que Mantilla dirigía y supervisaba todo. Una década más tarde -la Comisión Investigadora presidida por el congresista Ernesto Herrera- descubrió varios millones de dólares en una cuenta secreta que tenía Mantilla en el extranjero. La investigación ha quedado trunca y no se ha podido determinar a quién o a quiénes transfirió el secretario privado de Alan García, esa enorme suma ni en qué se gastó. Finalmente, como todos sabemos, Agustín Mantilla está detenido por recibir 30 mil dólares de Montesinos para financiar la campaña electoral -según palabras de Mantilla- de su partido. Los dirigentes del PAP han tratado, bajo todas las formas, de negar, incluso la existencia del llamado comando RF. Alan García ha sostenido que es un invento de la prensa, cuando en el año 1989 declaraba a los medios que había que investigar al comando RF, “caiga quien caiga”…